What kind of antibiotic is streptomycin

Reconstitute with 4. Reconstitute with 3. Reconstitute with 1. Storage: Reconstituted solutions may be stored at room temperature for 1 week. Protect from light. Intermitent IM injection Inject deeply into a large muscle mass, preferably in the upper outer quadrant of the gluteal region or the muscles of the mid-lateral thigh. In children, the preferable site is the mid-lateral thigh. Use the upper outer quadrant of the gluteal region only when necessary.

Alternate injection sites. Generic: - Protect from light - Store unreconstituted product at 68 to 77 degrees F. Streptomycin is contraindicated in patients with a history of clinically significant streptomycin hypersensitivity. Clinically significant aminoglycoside hypersensitivity may also contraindicate streptomycin use because of known cross-sensitivity of patients to drugs in this class.

Almost all antibacterial agents, including streptomycin, have been associated with pseudomembranous colitis or C. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C.

Consider pseudomembranous colitis in patients presenting with diarrhea after antibacterial use. Careful medical history is necessary as pseudomembranous colitis has been reported to occur over 2 months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If pseudomembranous colitis is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibacterial therapy not directed against C. Institute appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, C.

Streptomycin may mask or delay the symptoms of incubating syphilis. In the treatment of sexually transmitted disease, such as granuloma inguinale and chancroid, if concomitant syphilis is suspected, perform suitable laboratory procedures, such as a dark field examination, before the start of treatment, and monthly serologic tests for at least 4 months.

Use adjusted body weight i. Dosing based on actual body weight will result in supratherapeutic concentrations. According to OBRA, use of parenteral aminoglycosides must be accompanied by monitoring of renal function tests, including a baseline value, and serum drug concentrations, with the exception of single-dose prophylactic administration. Serious consequences may occur insidiously if adequate monitoring does not occur; the drug may cause or worsen hearing loss and renal failure.

Use of antibiotics should be limited to confirmed or suspected bacterial infections. Antibiotics are non-selective and may result in the eradication of beneficial microorganisms while promoting the emergence of undesired ones, causing secondary infections such as oral thrush, colitis, or vaginitis. Any antibiotic may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and hypersensitivity reactions. Streptomycin can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.

Because streptomycin readily crosses the placental barrier, caution in use of the drug is important to prevent ototoxicity in the fetus. If streptomycin is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, advise the patient of the potential hazard to the fetus.

Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from streptomycin, consider discontinuing breast-feeding or streptomycin, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. They are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and are not likely to cause adverse events in nursing infants. Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Antiemetics block the histamine or acetylcholine response that causes nausea due to vestibular emetic stimuli such as motion.

Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine : Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine: Minor Diphenhydramine may mask vestibular symptoms e. Acyclovir: Moderate Additive nephrotoxicity is possible if systemic aminoglycosides are used with acyclovir. Carefully monitor renal function during concomitant therapy. Adefovir: Moderate Chronic coadministration of adefovir with nephrotoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides, may increase the risk of developing nephrotoxicity, even in patients who have normal renal function. Concurrent administration of drugs possessing nephrotoxic effects, such as the aminoglycosides, with Aldesleukin, IL 2 may increase the risk of kidney dysfunction.

In addition, reduced kidney function secondary to Aldesleukin, IL 2 treatment may delay elimination of concomitant medications and increase the risk of adverse events from those drugs. Aminosalicylate sodium, Aminosalicylic acid: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex ABCD : Major Additive nephrotoxicity can occur if amphotericin B is given concomitantly with aminoglycosides such as streptomycin. Intensive monitoring of renal function is recommended. Amphotericin B dosage reduction may be necessary if renal impairment occurs.

Amphotericin B lipid complex ABLC : Major Additive nephrotoxicity can occur if amphotericin B is given concomitantly with aminoglycosides such as streptomycin.

Amphotericin B liposomal LAmB : Major Additive nephrotoxicity can occur if amphotericin B is given concomitantly with aminoglycosides such as streptomycin. Amphotericin B: Major Additive nephrotoxicity can occur if amphotericin B is given concomitantly with aminoglycosides such as streptomycin. Aprotinin: Moderate The manufacturer recommends using aprotinin cautiously in patients that are receiving drugs that can affect renal function, such as the aminoglycosides, as the risk of renal impairment may be increased.

Aspirin, ASA: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Aspirin, ASA; Pravastatin: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Atracurium: Moderate Concomitant use of neuromuscular blockers and systemic aminoglycosides may prolong neuromuscular blockade. The use of a peripheral nerve stimulator is strongly recommended to evaluate the level of neuromuscular blockade, to assess the need for additional doses of neuromuscular blocker, and to determine whether adjustments need to be made to the dose with subsequent administration.

Atropine; Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Postpone instillation of BCG if the patient is receiving antibiotics. Bacitracin: Minor Additive nephrotoxicity may occur with concurrent use of bacitracin and other nephrotoxic agents. When possible, avoid concomitant administration of systemic bacitracin and other nephrotoxic drugs such as aminoglycosides particularly kanamycin, streptomycin, and neomycin. Use of topically administrated preparations containing bacitracin, especially when applied to large surface areas, with aminoglycosides may have additive nephrotoxic potential.

Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Beractant: Moderate A reduced activity of streptomycin may occur in the presence of surfactant when given via nebulization. Bictegravir; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide: Moderate Monitor for changes in serum creatinine and adverse reactions, such as lactic acidosis or hepatotoxicity if emtricitabine is administered in combination with nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides.

Consider the potential for drug interaction prior to and during concurrent use of these medications. Both emtricitabine and aminoglycosides are excreted via the kidneys by a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion.

While no drug interactions due to competition for renal excretion have been observed, coadministration of these medications may increase concentrations of both drugs. Bismuth Subsalicylate: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity. Bleomycin: Moderate Previous treatment with nephrotoxic agents, like aminoglycosides, may result in decreased clearance of bleomycin if renal function has been impaired.

Botulinum Toxins: Moderate The effects of botulinum toxin can be potentiated by systemic aminoglycosides or other drugs that interfere with neuromuscular transmission. Monitor aminoglycoside concentrations, and monitor for evidence of neurotoxicity including systemic neuromuscular blockade. Bumetanide: Moderate The risk of ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity secondary to aminoglycosides may be increased by the addition of concomitant therapies with similar side effects, including loop diuretics.

If loop diuretics and aminoglycosides are used together, it would be prudent to monitor renal function parameters, serum electrolytes, and serum aminoglycoside concentrations during therapy. Audiologic monitoring may be advisable during high dose therapy or therapy of long duration, when hearing loss is suspected, or in selected risk groups e.

Calfactant: Moderate A reduced activity of streptomycin may occur in the presence of surfactant when given via nebulization.

Capreomycin: Major The concomitant use of capreomycin and aminoglycosides may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Since capreomycin is eliminated by the kidney, coadministration of capreomycin with other potentially nephrotoxic drugs, including aminoglycosides may increase serum concentrations of either capreomycin or aminoglycosides. Theoretically, coadministration may increase the risk of developing nephrotoxicity, even in patients who have normal renal function.

Monitor patients for changes in renal function if these drugs are coadministered. Additionally, neuromuscular blockade has been associated with capreomycin resulting from administration of large doses or rapid intravenous infusion. Aminoglycosides have also been reported to interfere with nerve transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Concomitant administration of capreomycin with aminoglycosides should be avoided if possible; however, if they must be coadministered, use extreme caution.

Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine: Minor Diphenhydramine may mask vestibular symptoms e. Carboplatin: Moderate Patients previously or currently treated with other potentially nephrotoxic agents, such as systemic aminoglycosides, can have a greater risk of developing carboplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

These patients may benefit from hydration prior to carboplatin therapy to lessen the incidence of nephrotoxicity. Monitor renal function closely. Cefepime: Minor Cefepime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics.

Carefully monitor renal function, especially during prolonged therapy or use of high aminoglycoside doses. The majority of reported cases involve the combination of aminoglycosides and cephalothin or cephaloridine, which are associated with dose-related nephrotoxicity as singular agents.

Limited but conflicting data with other cephalosporins have been noted. Cefotaxime: Minor Cefotaxime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics.

Cefotetan: Minor Cefotetan's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides. Cefoxitin: Minor Cefoxitin's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides. Cefprozil: Minor Cefprozil's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics.

Ceftazidime: Minor Ceftazidime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics. Ceftazidime; Avibactam: Minor Ceftazidime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics. Ceftizoxime: Minor Ceftizoxime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides.

Cefuroxime: Minor Cefuroxime's product label states that cephalosporins may potentiate the adverse renal effects of nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides and loop diuretics. Chlorpheniramine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Codeine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e.

Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine: Minor Chlorpheniramine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Chlorpromazine: Minor When used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting, antiemetic phenothiazines may effectively mask symptoms that are associated with ototoxicity induced by the aminoglycosides. Choline Salicylate; Magnesium Salicylate: Minor Due to the inhibition of renal prostaglandins by salicylates, concurrent use of salicylates and other nephrotoxic agents like the aminoglycosides may lead to additive nephrotoxicity.

Cidofovir: Contraindicated The administration of cidofovir with other potentially nephrotoxic agents, such as aminoglycosides, is contraindicated. These agents should be discontinued at least 7 days prior to beginning cidofovir.

Cisatracurium: Moderate Concomitant use of neuromuscular blockers and systemic aminoglycosides may prolong neuromuscular blockade. Cisplatin: Moderate Closely monitor renal function and hearing ability if concomitant use with cisplatin and aminoglycosides is necessary. Both cisplatin and aminoglycosides can cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, which may be exacerbated with the use of other nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs.

Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine: Minor Antiemetics, like promethazine, should be used carefully with aminoglycosides because they can mask symptoms of ototoxicity e. These agents block the histamine or acetylcholine response that causes nausea due to vestibular inner ear emetic stimuli such as motion. Codeine; Promethazine: Minor Antiemetics, like promethazine, should be used carefully with aminoglycosides because they can mask symptoms of ototoxicity e.

Colfosceril; Cetyl Alcohol; Tyloxapol: Moderate A reduced activity of streptomycin may occur in the presence of surfactant when given via nebulization. Cyclizine: Minor Cyclizine may effectively mask vestibular symptoms e. Thus, although the soil use and management strategies were the same in each of the orchards, the soil pH had a stronger influence over the bacterial population than the management practices, such as the addition of streptomycin.

The phylogenetic relationships of the bacterial communities cluster the three Lindau soils together and separately from the remainder of the soils Figure 3C.

Soils derived from identical management systems, i. Figure 3. Plots are based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities comparing bacterial communities according to treatment, soil pH or orchard. There was no significant difference in the bacterial populations associated with streptomycin use in the three orchards over time. The bacterial populations were also stable within the orchards over 3 years of treatment with streptomycin and thus there was no cumulative effect of streptomycin treatment for 3 years.

Previous studies on the effects of antibiotic use in agriculture have frequently focused on cultured bacteria or resistance genes Tolba et al. Culture-based approaches are limited to a small fraction of the entire soil bacteria and analysis of specific resistance genes provides information on the influence of streptomycin on the resistant population. However, it is also important to identify the influence of streptomycin on antibiotic susceptible bacteria and unculturable bacteria. Our study analyzed the entire bacterial community within soil and compared soils from the same orchard and same management practices to identify if there were differences, which were associated with streptomycin treatment.

In , the American Academy for Microbiology compiled a report discussing antibiotic resistance and the factors that influence the development and spread of resistance calling for more information on the impact of streptomycin use in agriculture American Academy of Microbiology, Our study has identified that neither specific taxa abundances nor the entire bacterial population abundances were altered by treatment with streptomycin.

This study has also identified that the use of streptomycin in apple orchards did not significantly alter the bacterial diversity in the soils and does not have an adverse effect on the bacterial populations of treated soils.

The strongest differences in entire populations were due to pH and site. The phylogenies of the bacterial communities from the same orchard did not necessarily cluster together, suggesting that variations in soil bacterial population were not influenced by land use.

These results are in contrast to the studies of grassland and forest land-use and different management strategies, which have previously been found to influence the fungal and bacterial diversity and composition Birkhofer et al. In contrast to previous studies, our data identified differences only in the abundances of specific phyla Acidobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria when the Lindau orchard soil populations, with a low pH, were compared to the other two orchards soil populations with a neutral soil pH.

No differences in the abundances of other specific taxa were associated with soil pH Will et al. We have however, identified strong differences in the abundances of the entire bacterial communities due to pH indicating that the individual taxa abundance changes are too low to be statistically significant alone but these small changes are only noticeable at the entire population level when taken together.

The use of streptomycin as part of the agricultural land management did not influence the bacterial abundance or bacterial diversity within these soils. Our study was performed using replicated treated and control orchards, which are vital for statistical analyses. We conclude, similar to a study on the effect of streptomycin on the bacterial community in apple tree leaf samples and orchard soil samples from the US that the use of streptomycin did not have a detrimental effect on the bacterial population of the soil Yashiro and McManus, ; Shade et al.

There were no significant increases in the abundance of the intrinsically resistant bacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas , Burkholderia , and Stenotrophomonas species associated with the use of streptomycin. This study contributes to the increasing scientific evidence, which suggests that the use of streptomycin in apple orchards has a low impact on the bacterial ecosystem.

Fiona Walsh designed the experiments, performed the sampling, DNA extractions and data analysis, and wrote the manuscript, Sarah M. Frey and Daniel P. Smith performed the data analysis and contributed to the manuscript writing. Sample processing, sequencing, and core amplicon data analysis were performed by the EMP www. The authors thank Professor John Bunge for his advice and assistance with the data analysis and statistics.

The results of this study were presented at the Swiss Society for Microbiology meeting in Interlaken, June Brion Duffy contributed to results interpretation and manuscript preparation. The funding source played no role in the design, collection and analyses of the data. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Aarestrup, F. Occurrence of glycopeptide resistance among Enterococcus faecium isolates from conventional and ecological poultry farms. Drug Resist. American Academy of Microbiology.

Aronesty, E. Benjamini, Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Ser B Methodol. CrossRef Full Text. Bergmann, G. The under-recognized dominance of Verrucomicrobia in soil bacterial communities.

Soil Biol. Binh, C. Piggery manure used for soil fertilization is a reservoir for transferable antibiotic resistance plasmids.

FEMS Microbiol. Birkhofer, K. General relationships between abiotic soil properties and soil biota across spatial scales and different land-use types. Brussaard, L. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in soil. Ambio 26, — Bunge, J. Estimating the number of species in microbial diversity studies. Estimating population diversity with CatchAll. Bioinformatics 28, — Caporaso, J. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Methods 7, — ISME J. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.

DeSantis, T. Edgar, R. Bioinformatics 26, — Garmendia, L. No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of streptomycin injection in geriatric patients. However, elderly patients are more likely to have kidney problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving streptomycin injection.

Studies in women suggest that this medication poses minimal risk to the infant when used during breastfeeding. Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below.

The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive. Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take. Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:.

A nurse or other trained health professional will give you this medicine. This medicine is given as a shot into one of your muscles usually in the buttocks, middle thighs, or upper arms. To help clear up your infection completely, keep using this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few days. Also, this medicine works best when there is a constant amount in the blood. To help keep the amount constant, you must receive this medicine on a regular schedule.

To keep your kidneys working well and help prevent kidney problems, drink extra fluids so you will pass more urine while you are receiving this medicine.

Your doctor will check your progress closely while you or your child are receiving this medicine. This will allow your doctor to see if the medicine is working properly and to decide if you or your child should continue to receive it.

Blood, urine, nerve, and hearing tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects. You will need to see your doctor after finishing this medicine to make sure your infection is gone.